Trends and Advancements of World Wide Web

 

EDU 03 : TECHNOLOGY AND COMMUNICATION IN EDUCATION

 

 

 

      SEMINAR REPORT

 

Submitted to                               Submitted by

Mrs. Laiji R                             Christy M Wilson

                                                Optional : English

                                      MTTC Pathanapuram

 

Trends and advancements of World Wide Web                                                                                            World wide web commonly referred to as WWW, is an interconnected system of public web pages accessible through internet .It was initiated by CERN ( European library for nuclear researcher )in 1989.World wide web can be defined as the collection of different websites around the world, containing different Information sharing via local servers or computers. The web is not same as internet : the web is one of many applications built on top of the internet.

·    A Hypertext interface to internet information resources.

·     An information space where documents and other web resources are  identified by Uniform Resource Locators or (URLs).

·    Interlinked by hypertext links.

·     It can be accessed via Internet.

·     All the resources and users on the internet that are using the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP).

It is a created by, Timothy Burner Lee in 1989 for researchers to work together effectively at  CREN. From the users point of view,  the web consists of a vast, worldwide connection of documents or web pages. Each page may contain links to other pages anywhere in the world. The pages can be retrieved and viewed by using browsers of which internet explorer, Netscape Navigator, Google Chrome, etc are the popular ones. The browser fetches the page requested interprets the text and formatting commands on it, and displays the page, properly formatted, on the screen.

 

 

 

 

Components of the Web: There are 3 components of the web:

·    Uniform Resource Locator (URL): serves as a system for resources on the web.

·    Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP): specifies communication of browser and server.

·    Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML): defines the structure, organization and content of a webpage.

Difference between Internet and Web

·    Internet is a global network of networks while the web, also referred to as world Wide Web, is a collection of information, accessed the via the internet.

·    The internet is infrastructure while the web is served on the top of infrastructure.

 

   Web page

·   Text documents are formatted and annotated with hypertext markup language

·   Web pages may contain images, video audio and software components that are rendered in the user’s web browsers as coherent pages of multimedia content.

·   Each page available on the website is called a web page and the first page of any website is called home page of that site.

 

 Website

·   Multiple web pages with a common theme, a common domain name, or both make up a website.

·   Website content -  largely be provided by the publisher or interactive where users contribute content or the content depends upon the user of their actions.

·   It is informative.

·   Primarily for entertainment.

·   Largely for commercial purpose.

·   It is government.

·     Non governmental organizational purpose.

 

 Web server

·     Every website sits on a computer.

·     Has a unique IP address made up of a series of four numbers between 0 and 256 separated by periods.

 

 Web browser

·     Software installed on your PC.

·     To access the web.

 

 Functions of web browsers

·     The main function is to retrive information from the world wide web and making it available for users.

·     Visiting any website can be done using a web browser when a URL is entered in a browser the web server takes us to that website.

·     To run Java applets and flash content plugins are available on the web browser.

·     It makes internet surfing easy as once we reach a website we can easily check the hyperlinks and get more and more useful data online.

·     Browsers uses internal cache which get stored and user can open the same web page time and again without losing extra data.

·     Multiple web pages can be opened at the same time on a web browser.

·     Options like back,  forward reload,  stop reload, home etc are available on these web browsers which make using them easy and convenient.

 

 The way the web works

·     A user enters a URL into a browser ( for example, google.com ) this request is passed to a domain name server.

·     The domain name server returns and IP address for the server that hosts the website. ( For example. 68.178.157.132).

·     The browser requests the page from the web server using the IP address specified by the domain name server.

·     The web server returns the page to the IP address specified by the browser requesting the page. The page may  also contain links to other files on the same server such as images which the browser will also request.

·     The browser collects all the information and displays to your computer in the form of web pages.

 

Web 1.0

Basically, this first version of the Web consisted of a few people creating web pages and content and web pages for a large group of readers, allowing them to access facts, information, and content from the sources. It was designed to help people better find information. This web version dealt was dedicated to users searching for data. This web version is sometimes called “the read-only Web” because it lacks the necessary forms, visuals, controls, and interactivity we enjoy on today’s Internet. People use the term “Web 1.0” to describe the earliest form of the Internet. Users saw the first example of a worldwide network that hinted at future digital communication and information-sharing potential. It was lasted from 1989 to 2005.

Here are a few characteristics found in Web 1.0:

·     It’s made up of static pages connected to a system via hyperlinks

·     It has HTML 3.2 elements like frames and tables

·     HTML forms get sent through e-mail

·     The content comes from the server's filesystem, not a relational database management system

·     It features GIF buttons and graphics

·      They have a read only content

·     Establish and online presence and make their information available to anyone at any time

·      It include static web pages  

 

 Limitations of web 1.0

·     The web 1.0 pages can only be understood by humans ( web readers ) the do not have machine compatible content.

·     The Webmaster is solely responsible for updating users and managing the content of website.

·     Lack of dynamic representation that is to acquire only static information, no web console were available to performing dynamic events.

 

Web 2.0

·     Web 2.0 is instead a label coined by Tim O’Reilly and associates to references the transition of the world wide web to a new phase of use and service development. The categorization can be used to elaborate on the understanding of web 2.0 achieved through varied definitions.

·     Technology centric definition : web has become a platform with a software above the level of a single device. Technology that is associated with blogs, wikis, podcasts, RSS feeds etc.

·     Business centric definition : away of architecting software and businesses. The business revolution in the computer industry caused by the move to internet as platform and an attempt to understand the rules for success on that of new platform.

·     User centric definition: the social web is used to characterize sites that consists of communities.  It is all about content management and new ways of communication and  interaction  between users. Web applications that facilitate collective knowledge production, social networking and increases user to user information exchange.

Here’s a breakdown of typical Web 2.0 characteristics:

 

It offers free information sorting, allowing users to retrieve and classify data collectively

It contains dynamic content that responds to the user’s input

It employs Developed Application Programming Interfaces (API)

It encourages self-usage and allows forms of interaction like:

Podcasting

Social media

Tagging

Blogging

Commenting

Curating with RSS

Social networking

Web content voting

It’s used by society at large and not limited to specific communities.

 Limitations of web 2.0

·     Constant iteration cycle of change and update to services.

·     Ethical issues concerning build and usage of web 2.0

·     Interconnectivity and the knowledge sharing between platforms across community boundaries are still Limited

Web 3.0

Web 3.0, which is also referred to as Web3, is built on a foundation consisting of the core ideas of decentralization, openness, and more excellent user utility. Web 1.0 is the "read-only Web," Web 2.0 is the "participative social Web," and Web 3.0 is the "read, write, execute Web."

·     First coins by John Markoff of the New York Times

·     Executable web

·     To define structure data and link dumb in order to more effective discovery automation integration and reuse across various applications

Able to

Improve data management

 Support accessibility of mobile internet

 Stimulate creativity and innovation

 Help to organize collaboration in social web

 Also known as semantic web

 The concept of website or web page disappears

 Data isn’t owned but instead shared

 Services show different views for the same web are the same data

Main purpose

     Driving the evolution of the current web by enabling users to find share and combine in formation more easily.

Web 4. 0

The fourth generation of internet also known as web 4.0 is a term used to describe a new phase of web where uses can interact more seamlessly. Web 4.0 is the internet of things.

Features

·    An ultra intelligent electronic agent

             According to, Burrus web 4.0 is about the Ultra intelligent electronic agent. This agent will recognize you when you get in front of it because all of your devices are getting a little camera. And with a facial expression or recognition they will know it’s you. Burrus face you will be able to give your agent a personality. Web 4.0 is all about mobility and voice interaction between user and machine. Artificial intelligence is used in it.

·    Symbiotic web

             Web 4.0 is known as symbiotic web the goal of the symbiotic web is the symbiotic interaction between man and machine. The boundary between man and machine will fade. In web 4.0 users can interact with each other more than ever before.

·    Ubiquitous web

Ubiquitous connectivity and interactivity could mean that networking and computing will extent throughout homes, vehicles and more.

·    Interaction between human and machine

·    Powerful as human brain

·    Progress in the development of Telecommunication

·    Advancement on Nanotechnology in the world.

        The internet of things is a system of inter related physical objects embedded with the sensors antenna processes software and other technology to enable relevant data exchange over the internet. Adopting Nanomaterials with internet of things devices can make use of there exceptionable properties to increase the functionality,  energy efficiency and accuracy of the devices while reducing the size. Nano and nurse Nano processor and Nano battery is are all example of internet of things.

·    Controlled interfaces

      An interface to a system with a set of mechanisms that enforces the security policies and controls the flow of information between connected systems.